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1.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 70(2): 82-89, Mar.-Apr. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1137154

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background and objectives: The perioperative cardiac arrest (CA) and mortality rates in Brazil, a developing country, are higher than in developed countries. The hypothesis of this review was that knowledge of the epidemiology of perioperative CA and mortality in Brazil enables the comparison with developed countries. The systematic review aimed to verify, in studies conducted in Brazil, the epidemiology of perioperative CA and mortality. Method and results: A search strategy was carried out on different databases (PubMed, EMBASE, SciELO and LILACS) to identify observational studies that reported perioperative CA and/or mortality up to 48 hours postoperatively in Brazil. The primary outcomes were data on epidemiology of perioperative CA and mortality. In 8 Brazilian studies, there was a higher occurrence of perioperative CA and mortality in males; in extremes of age; in patients in worse physical status according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA); in emergency surgeries; in general anesthesia; and in cardiac, thoracic, vascular, abdominal and neurological surgeries. The patient's disease/condition was the main triggering factor, with sepsis and trauma as the main causes. Conclusions: The epidemiology of both perioperative CA and mortality events reported in Brazilian studies does not show important differences and, in general, is similar to studies in developed countries. However, sepsis represents one of the major causes of perioperative CA and mortality in Brazilian studies, contrasting with studies in developed countries in which sepsis is a secondary cause.


Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: As incidências de parada cardíaca (PC) e de mortalidade perioperatória no Brasil, um país em desenvolvimento, são mais elevadas em relação às dos países desenvolvidos. A hipótese desta revisão é que o conhecimento da epidemiologia de PC e de mortalidade perioperatória no Brasil possibilita sua comparação com a dos países desenvolvidos. A revisão sistemática teve como objetivo verificar, em estudos realizados no Brasil, a epidemiologia de PC e de mortalidade perioperatória. Conteúdo: Realizou-se estratégia de busca em diferentes bases de dados (PubMed, EMBASE, SciELO e LILACS) para a identificação de estudos observacionais que reportaram PC e/ou mortalidade perioperatória até 48 horas pós-operatório no Brasil. Os desfechos primários foram dados de epidemiologia de PC e de mortalidade perioperatória. Em 8 estudos nacionais, identificou- se maior ocorrência de PC e de mortalidade perioperatória no sexo masculino, em extremos de idade, em pacientes em pior estado físico segundo a American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA), em cirurgias de emergência, em anestesia geral, e em cirurgias cardíaca, torácica, vascular, abdominal e neurológica. A doença/condição do paciente foi o principal fator desencadeante, tendo como causas principais a sepse e o trauma. Conclusões: Nos estudos nacionais, a epidemiologia dos eventos tanto de PC como de mortalidade perioperatória não apresenta diferenças importantes, e de maneira geral, é semelhante à de estudos de países desenvolvidos. Entretanto, a sepse, nos estudos nacionais, representa uma das principais causas de PC e de mortalidade perioperatória, diferenciando-se dos estudos de países desenvolvidos nos quais a sepse é causa secundária.


Subject(s)
Humans , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Heart Arrest/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/mortality , Brazil/epidemiology , Heart Arrest/mortality
2.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 33(2): 167-174, Mar.-Apr. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1090658

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Knowledge of cardiac arrest by health professionals is associated with sociodemographic, occupational and training characteristics. Objectives: To evaluate the factors associated with the knowledge of health professionals on Cardiac Arrest. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in a large public hospital in the countryside of Bahia - Brazil. The sample consisted of 18 doctors, 32 nurses and 50 nursing technicians. To evaluate the knowledge of the professionals, a questionnaire was constructed according to the current guidelines for resuscitation of the American Heart Association of 2015, and after that, it was submitted to three judges with expertise in PCR to verify content validity. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics with univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses using the logistic regression model. A value of p < 0.05 was adopted as level of significance. Results: The prevalence of insufficient knowledge of cardiac arrest among health professionals was 78%. After logistic regression, belonging to the professional category of nursing technician (p = 0.003) and nurse (p = 0.001) and working in the form of on-call duty for 24h (p = 0.005) was associated to insufficient knowledge. Conclusions: Insufficient knowledge of cardiac arrest among health professionals is high, which is a problem that requires urgent interventions in order to guarantee the quality of care. These actions should be based on realistic scenarios involving theoretical and practical activities. The periodicity of training should be short, given the deterioration of knowledge. The creation and validation of the data collection instrument allows for its applicability in other studies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Resuscitation/education , Clinical Competence , Health Personnel , Heart Arrest/therapy , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Cross-Sectional Studies , Education, Continuing , Heart Arrest/mortality
3.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 114(2): 245-253, Feb. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1088859

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Cardioinhibitory carotid sinus hypersensitivity (CICSH) is defined as ventricular asystole ≥ 3 seconds in response to 5-10 seconds of carotid sinus massage (CSM). There is a common concern that a prolonged asystole episode could lead to death directly from bradycardia or as a consequence of serious trauma, brain injury or pause-dependent ventricular arrhythmias. Objective: To describe total mortality, cardiovascular mortality and trauma-related mortality of a cohort of CICSH patients, and to compare those mortalities with those found in a non-CICSH patient cohort. Methods: In 2006, 502 patients ≥ 50 years of age were submitted to CSM. Fifty-two patients (10,4%) were identified with CICSH. Survival of this cohort was compared with that of another cohort of 408 non-CICSH patients using Kaplan-Meier curves. Cox regression was used to examine the relation between CICSH and mortality. The level of statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results: After a maximum follow-up of 11.6 years, 29 of the 52 CICSH patients (55.8%) were dead. Cardiovascular mortality, trauma-related mortality and the total mortality rate of this population were not statistically different from that found in 408 patients without CICSH. (Total mortality of CICSH patients 55.8% vs. 49,3% of non-CICSH patients; p: 0.38). Conclusion: At the end of follow-up, the 52 CICSH patient cohort had total mortality, cardiovascular mortality and trauma-related mortality similar to that found in 408 patients without CICSH.


Resumo Fundamento: A resposta cardioinibitória (RCI) à massagem do seio carotídeo (MSC) caracteriza-se por assistolia ≥ 3 segundos provocada por 5 a 10 segundos de MSC. Existe uma preocupação de que pacientes com RCI e episódios prolongados de assistolia possam falecer em consequência direta de bradiarritmia, ou em decorrência de lesão cerebral, trauma grave ou arritmia ventricular pausa dependente. Objetivos: Determinar a mortalidade total, a mortalidade cardiovascular e a mortalidade relacionada ao trauma de uma coorte de pacientes com RCI à MSC e comparar essas mortalidades com as de uma coorte de pacientes sem RCI à MSC. Métodos: Em 2006, 502 pacientes com idade igual ou superior a 50 anos foram submetidos à MSC. Destes, 52 pacientes (10,4%) foram identificados com RCI. A sobrevida desta coorte foi comparada àquela observada em uma coorte de 408 pacientes sem RCI por meio de curvas de Kaplan-Meier. A regressão de Cox foi utilizada para avaliação da relação entre a RCI à MSC e a mortalidade. Variáveis com p < 0,05 foram consideradas estatisticamente significativas. Resultados: Após seguimento máximo de 11,6 anos, 29 dos 52 portadores de RCI (55,8%) faleceram. A mortalidade total, a mortalidade cardiovascular e a mortalidade relacionada ao trauma desta coorte de pacientes não foram significativamente diferentes daquelas encontradas nos 408 pacientes sem RCI (mortalidade total com RCI: 55,8% versus 49,3% sem RCI; p: 0,38). Conclusões: No fim do seguimento, a mortalidade dos 52 portadores de RCI foi semelhante à observada em uma coorte de pacientes sem RCI. A mortalidade cardiovascular e a relacionada ao trauma também foi semelhante nas duas coortes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Carotid Artery Diseases/physiopathology , Carotid Artery Diseases/mortality , Carotid Sinus/physiopathology , Heart Arrest/physiopathology , Heart Arrest/mortality , Syncope/physiopathology , Syncope/mortality , Proportional Hazards Models , Risk Factors , Follow-Up Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric , Electrocardiography , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Heart Injuries/physiopathology , Heart Injuries/mortality
4.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 18: eRW5055, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1056057

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to assess the efficacy of different doses, times for infusion of the first dose, intervals of administration of subsequent doses, and number of epinephrine doses in the survival of children and adolescents who went into cardiorespiratory arrest. It is a review study with data from the PubMedⓇ/MEDLINEⓇdatabase. The search was for articles published from January 1st, 2000 to February 10, 2019, with a sample of patients aged under 18 years, published in English, Portuguese and Spanish. We found 222 articles, of which 16 met the inclusion criteria of the study. The first dose should be given as soon as possible. The standard dose (0.01mg/kg) has a better outcome when compared to the higher dose (0.1mg/kg). There is an iⓇverse relation between the number of epinephrine doses and survival. The interval currently recommended between doses has lower survival when compared to larger intervals. The dosage recommended by the American Heart Association presents a better outcome for survival, but the interval between doses and the maximum number of doses should be better assessed.


RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia de diferentes doses, tempos para infusão da primeira dose, intervalos de administração de doses subsequentes e número de doses de epinefrina na sobrevida de crianças e adolescentes que sofreram parada cardiorrespiratória. Trata-se de estudo de revisão, cujas buscas foram feitas na base de dados PubMedⓇ /MEDLINEⓇ. Foram selecionados artigos publicados de 1° de janeiro de 2000 até 10 de fevereiro de 2019, realizados em menores de 18 anos de idade, publicados em inglês, português e espanhol. Foram encontrados 222 artigos, dos quais 16 atenderam os critérios de inclusão no estudo. A primeira dose deve ser aplicada o mais rápido possível. A dose padrão (0,01mg/kg) apresenta melhor desfecho quando comparada à dose alta (0,1mg/kg). Houve relação inversa entre número de doses de epinefrina e sobrevida. O intervalo entre doses recomendado atualmente apresenta menor sobrevida quando comparado a intervalos maiores. A dose recomendada pela American Heart Association apresenta melhor desfecho para sobrevida, porém o intervalo entre doses e o número máximo de doses devem ser melhor avaliados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Epinephrine/administration & dosage , Adrenergic alpha-Agonists/administration & dosage , Heart Arrest/drug therapy , Time Factors , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Heart Arrest/mortality
5.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 30(3): 366-375, jul.-set. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-977966

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade de times de resposta rápida com uso de identificação precoce de deterioração clínica, na redução das ocorrências de parada cardiorrespiratória e morte no hospital. Fontes de dados: Realizaram-se buscas nas bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS, Cochrane Library e Center for Reviews and Dissemination. Seleção de estudos: Incluímos trabalhos que avaliaram a efetividade de times de resposta rápida em unidades hospitalares de pacientes adultos, publicados em inglês, português ou espanhol, no período entre 2000 e 2016. Consideraram-se elegíveis revisões sistemáticas, ensaios clínicos, estudos de coorte e ecológicos pré-pós. A qualidade dos trabalhos foi avaliada de forma independente por dois dos pesquisadores com utilização das escalas Newcastle-Ottawa e Jadad modificada, e da ferramenta Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews. Extração dos dados: Os resultados foram resumidos e tabulados. Quando os autores dos estudos incluídos relataram medidas de risco, estimamos a efetividade como 1-RR ou 1-OR. Nos estudos pré-pós, estimamos a efetividade como a diminuição porcentual nas taxas após a intervenção. Resultados: Identificou-se um total de 278 trabalhos, dos quais 256 foram excluídos após avaliação do resumo, e dois outros após avaliação do texto completo. Na metanálise dos estudos que relataram dados de mortalidade, calculamos uma proporção de risco de 0,85 (IC95% 0,76 - 0,94); para os trabalhos que relataram dados de parada cardíaca, o cálculo da proporção de risco foi de 0,65 (IC95% 0,49 - 0,87). A evidência foi de baixa qualidade em razão da heterogeneidade e do risco de viés nos ensaios primários. Conclusão: Os times de resposta rápida podem reduzir a incidência de morte e parada cardíaca no hospital, embora a qualidade da evidência seja baixa para ambos os desfechos.


ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of rapid response teams using early identification of clinical deterioration in reducing the occurrence of in-hospital mortality and cardiorespiratory arrest. Data sources: The MEDLINE, LILACS, Cochrane Library, Center for Reviews and Dissemination databases were searched. Study selection: We included studies that evaluated the effectiveness of rapid response teams in adult hospital units, published in English, Portuguese, or Spanish, from 2000 to 2016; systematic reviews, clinical trials, cohort studies, and prepost ecological studies were eligible for inclusion. The quality of studies was independently assessed by two researchers using the Newcastle-Ottawa, modified Jadad, and Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews scales. Data extractions: The results were synthesized and tabulated. When risk measures were reported by the authors of the included studies, we estimated effectiveness as 1-RR or 1-OR. In pre-post studies, we estimated effectiveness as the percent decrease in rates following the intervention. Results: Overall, 278 studies were identified, 256 of which were excluded after abstract evaluation, and two of which were excluded after full text evaluation. In the meta-analysis of the studies reporting mortality data, we calculated a risk ratio of 0.85 (95%CI 0.76 - 0.94); and for studies reporting cardiac arrest data the estimated risk ratio was 0.65 (95%CI 0.49 - 0.87). Evidence was assessed as low quality due to the high heterogeneity and risk of bias in primary studies. Conclusion: We conclude that rapid response teams may reduce in-hospital mortality and cardiac arrests, although the quality of evidence for both outcomes is low.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Death, Sudden, Cardiac , Hospital Rapid Response Team/organization & administration , Heart Arrest/prevention & control , Hospital Mortality , Heart Arrest/mortality
6.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 26: e2993, 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-961197

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the care measures performed after cardiorespiratory arrest (CRA) and to relate them to the neurological status and survival at four moments: within the first 24 hours, at the discharge, six months after discharge, and one year after discharge. Method: retrospective, analytical and quantitative study performed at the Emergency Department of a university hospital in São Paulo. Eighty-eight medical records of CRA patients who had a return of spontaneous circulation sustained for more than 20 minutes were included and the post-CRA care measures performed in the first 24 hours were identified, as well as its relationship with survival and neurological status. Results: the most frequent post-CRA care measures were use of advanced airway access techniques and indwelling bladder catheterization. Patients who had maintained good breathing and circulation, temperature control and who were transferred to intensive care unit had a better survival in the first 24 hours, after six months and one year after discharge. Good neurological status at six months and one year after discharge was associated with non-use of vasoactive drugs and investigation of the causes of the CRA. Conclusion: the identification of good practices in post-CRA care may help to reduce the mortality of these individuals and to improve their quality of life.


RESUMO Objetivos: identificar os cuidados pós-parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR) realizados e relacioná-los com o estado neurológico e a sobrevida nas primeiras 24 horas, na alta, após seis meses e um ano. Método: estudo retrospectivo, analítico e quantitativo, realizado no Serviço de Emergência de um hospital universitário em São Paulo. Foram incluídos 88 prontuários de pacientes atendidos em PCR, que apresentaram retorno da circulação espontânea sustentado por mais de 20 minutos e identificados os cuidados pós-PCR realizados nas primeiras 24 horas, como também a relação com a sobrevida e estado neurológico. Resultados: os cuidados pós-PCR realizados com maior frequência foram a obtenção de uma via área avançada e passagem de sonda vesical de demora. Para os pacientes que tiveram manutenção de boa respiração e circulação, controle da temperatura e transferência para unidade de terapia intensiva, a sobrevida foi maior nas primeiras 24 horas, após seis meses e um ano da alta. O bom estado neurológico em seis meses e um ano após a alta associou-se a não utilização de drogas vasoativas e à investigação das causas da PCR. Conclusão: a identificação das boas práticas em relação aos cuidados pós-PCR pode auxiliar na diminuição da mortalidade destes indivíduos e na melhora da sua qualidade de vida.


RESUMEN Objetivos: identificar los cuidados pos-parada cardiorrespiratoria (PCR) realizados y relacionarlos con el estado neurológico y la sobrevida en las primeras 24 horas en el alta, después de seis meses y un año. Método: estudio retrospectivo, analítico y cuantitativo, realizado en el Servicio de Emergencia, de un hospital universitario en São Paulo. Fueron incluidos 88 prontuarios de pacientes atendidos en PCR, que presentaron retorno de la circulación espontánea sustentado por más de 20 minutos e identificados los cuidados pos-PCR realizados en las primeras 24 horas y la relación con la sobrevida y estado neurológico. Resultados: los cuidados pos-PCR realizados con mayor frecuencia fueron la obtención de una vía área avanzada y pasaje de sonda vesical de demora. Los pacientes que tuvieron mantenimiento de buena respiración y circulación, control de la temperatura y transferencia para unidad de terapia intensiva a sobrevida fue mayor en las primeras 24 horas, después de seis meses y un año del alta. El buen estado neurológico en seis meses y un año después del alta se asoció a la no utilización de drogas vasoactivas y la investigación de las causas de la PCR. Conclusión: la identificación de las buenas prácticas en relación a los cuidados pos-PCR puede auxiliar en la disminución de la mortalidad de estos individuos y en la mejoría de su calidad de vida.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/statistics & numerical data , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/mortality , Heart Arrest/mortality , Heart Arrest/therapy , Brazil/epidemiology , Comorbidity , Survival Analysis , Retrospective Studies , Emergency Medical Services , Fever/prevention & control
7.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 15(4): 409-414, Oct.-Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-891435

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify factors associated with not attempting resuscitation. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at the emergency department of a teaching hospital. The sample consisted of 285 patients; in that, 216 were submitted to cardiopulmonary resuscitation and 69 were not. The data were collected by means of the in-hospital Utstein Style. To compare resuscitation attempts with variables of interest we used the χ2 test, likelihood ratio, Fisher exact test, and analysis of variance (p<0.05). Results: No cardiopulmonary resuscitation was considered unjustifiable in 56.5% of cases; in that, 37.7% did not want resuscitation and 5.8% were found dead. Of all patients, 22.4% had suffered a previous cardiac arrest, 49.1% were independent for Activities of Daily Living, 89.8% had positive past medical/surgical history; 63.8% were conscious, 69.8% were breathing and 74.4% had a pulse upon admission. Most events (76.4%) happened at the hospital, the presumed cause was respiratory failure in 28.7% and, in 48.4%, electric activity without pulse was the initial rhythm. The most frequent cause of death was infection. The factors that influenced non-resuscitation were advanced age, history of neoplasm and the initial arrest rhythm was asystole. Conclusion: Advanced age, past history of neoplasia and asystole as initial rhythm were factors that significantly influenced the non-performance of resuscitation. Greater clarity when making the decision to resuscitate patients can positively affect the quality of life of survivors.


RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar fatores associados à não realização de ressuscitação. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado no serviço de emergência de um hospital universitário. A amostra foi composta por 285 pacientes, dos quais 216 foram submetidos à ressuscitação cardiopulmonar, e 69 não tiveram esta conduta. Os dados foram coletados por meio do in-hospital Utstein Style. Para comparar as tentativas de ressuscitação e as variáveis de interesse, utilizaram-se o teste do χ2, a razão de verossimilhança, o teste exato de Fisher e a análise de variância (p<0,05). Resultados: A não ressuscitação foi considerada injustificável em 56,5% dos casos, sendo que 37,7% não queriam ressuscitação e 5,8% foram encontrados mortos. Do total de pacientes, 22,4% tiveram parada cardíaca prévia, 49,1% eram independentes para Atividades de Vida Diária, e 89,8% tinham alguma história pregressa; 63,8% estavam conscientes, 69,8% estavam respirando e 74,4% tinham pulso palpável à admissão. A maioria dos eventos (76,4%) ocorreu no hospital, e a causa presumida de parada foi insuficiência respiratória em 28,7% e, em 48,4%, o ritmo inicial foi atividade elétrica sem pulso. A causa mais frequente de morte foi infecção. Os fatores que influenciaram na não realização de ressuscitação foram idade avançada, história de neoplasia e assistolia como ritmo inicial de parada. Conclusão: Idade avançada, história de neoplasia e assistolia como ritmo inicial foram os fatores que influenciaram significativamente na não realização de ressuscitação. Maior clareza na decisão de reanimar pode afetar positivamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Resuscitation Orders/ethics , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/ethics , Emergency Service, Hospital , Clinical Decision-Making/methods , Heart Arrest/therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Analysis of Variance , Advance Care Planning/standards , Clinical Decision-Making/ethics , Heart Arrest/mortality , Hospitals, Teaching , Middle Aged
8.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 32(3): 177-183, May-June 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-897904

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Few data can be found about cardiac arrest in the intensive care unit outside reference centers in third world countries. Objective: To study epidemiology and prognostic factors associated with cardiac arrest in the intensive care unit (ICU) in an average Brazilian center. Methods: Between June 2011 and July 2014, 302 cases of cardiac arrest in the intensive care unit were prospectively evaluated in 273 patients (age: 68.9 ± 15 years) admitted in three mixed units. Data regarding cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation were collected in an "Utstein style" form and epidemiologic data was prospectively obtained. Factors associated with do not resuscitate orders, return of spontaneous circulation and survival were studied using binary logistic regression. Statistical package software used was SPSS 19.0 (IBM Inc., USA). Results: Among 302 cardiac arrests, 230 (76.3%) had their initial rhythm recorded and 141 (61.3%) was in asystole, 62 (27%) in pulseless electric activity (PEA) and 27 had a shockable rhythm (11.7%). In 109 (36.1%) cases, cardiac arrest had a suspected reversible cause. Most frequent suspected cardiac arrest causes were hypotension (n=98; 32.5%), multiple (19.2%) and hypoxemia (17.5%). Sixty (19.9%) cardiac arrests had do not resuscitate orders. Prior left ventricle dysfunction was the only predictor of do not resuscitate order (OR: 3.1 [CI=1.03-9.4]; P=0.04). Among patients that received cardiopulmonary resuscitation, 59 (24.4%) achieved return of spontaneous circulation and 12 survived to discharge (5.6%). Initial shockable rhythm was the only return of spontaneous circulation predictor (OR: 24.9 (2.4-257); P=0.007) and survival (OR: 4.6 (1.4-15); P=0.01). Conclusion: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation rate was high considering ICU patients, so was mortality. Prior left ventricular dysfunction was a predictor of do not resuscitate order. Initial shockable rhythm was a predictor of return of spontaneous circulation and survival.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/mortality , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/standards , Heart Arrest/mortality , Heart Arrest/therapy , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Prognosis , Time Factors , Brazil , Epinephrine/administration & dosage , Logistic Models , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Resuscitation Orders , Hospital Mortality , Statistics, Nonparametric , Adrenergic Agonists/pharmacology , Heart Arrest/etiology
9.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 28(4): 420-426, oct.-dic. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-844275

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar a incidência de falha na ativação da via aferente da Equipe de Emergência Médica intra-hospitalar, caraterizando-a e comparando a mortalidade dessa população com a da população em que não se verificou falha na ativação da via aferente. Métodos: Entre janeiro de 2013 e julho de 2015, ocorreram 478 ativações da Equipe de Emergência Médica do Hospital Pedro Hispano. Após a exclusão de registos incompletos e ativações para doentes com menos de 6 horas de internamento hospitalar, obtivemos uma amostra de 285 ativações. A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos: o grupo com falha na ativação da via aferente e o grupo em que não ocorreu falha na ativação da via aferente da Equipe de Emergência Médica. As duas populações foram caracterizadas e comparadas. A significância estatística foi considerada para p ≤ 0,05. Resultado: Em 22,1% das ativações, verificou-se falha na ativação da via aferente. Relativamente ao estudo causal, verificamos existir diferença estatisticamente significativa quanto aos critérios de ativação da Equipe de Emergência Médica (p = 0,003) no grupo com falha na ativação da via aferente, encontrando taxa mais elevada de ativação da Equipe de Emergência Médica por paragem cardiorrespiratória e disfunção cardiovascular. Em relação às consequências, no grupo em que ocorreu falha na ativação da via aferente houve uma maior taxa de mortalidade imediata e à data de alta hospitalar, sem significado estatístico. Não encontramos diferenças significativas com relação aos outros parâmetros. Conclusão: Nos doentes em que houve falha da ativação da via aferente da Equipe de Emergência Médica, a incidência de paragem cardiorrespiratória e a taxa de mortalidade foram maiores. Este estudo reforça a necessidade de as unidades de saúde investirem na formação de todos os profissionais de saúde sobre os critérios de ativação da Equipe de Emergência Médica e o funcionamento do sistema de resposta a emergência médica.


ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the incidence of afferent limb failure of the in-hospital Medical Emergency Team, characterizing it and comparing the mortality between the population experiencing afferent limb failure and the population not experiencing afferent limb failure. Methods: A total of 478 activations of the Medical Emergency Team of Hospital Pedro Hispano occurred from January 2013 to July 2015. A sample of 285 activations was obtained after excluding incomplete records and activations for patients with less than 6 hours of hospitalization. The sample was divided into two groups: the group experiencing afferent limb failure and the group not experiencing afferent limb failure of the Medical Emergency Team. Both populations were characterized and compared. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Result: Afferent limb failure was observed in 22.1% of activations. The causal analysis revealed significant differences in Medical Emergency Team activation criteria (p = 0.003) in the group experiencing afferent limb failure, with higher rates of Medical Emergency Team activation for cardiac arrest and cardiovascular dysfunction. Regarding patient outcomes, the group experiencing afferent limb failure had higher immediate mortality rates and higher mortality rates at hospital discharge, with no significant differences. No significant differences were found for the other parameters. Conclusion: The incidence of cardiac arrest and the mortality rate were higher in patients experiencing failure of the afferent limb of the Medical Emergency Team. This study highlights the need for health units to invest in the training of all healthcare professionals regarding the Medical Emergency Team activation criteria and emergency medical response system operations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Hospital Mortality , Hospital Rapid Response Team/statistics & numerical data , Heart Arrest/therapy , Hospitalization , Portugal , Time Factors , Incidence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Hospital Rapid Response Team/standards , Heart Arrest/mortality , Heart Arrest/epidemiology , Middle Aged
10.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 28(4): 427-435, oct.-dic. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-844265

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o perfil clínico de pacientes com parada cardiorrespiratória intra-hospitalar, seu atendimento e evolução, com registro baseado no estilo Utstein. Métodos: Estudo observacional, prospectivo e longitudinal em ambiente de terapia intensiva de pacientes com parada cardiorrespiratória incluídos durante 1 ano. Resultados: Foram 89 pacientes, com média de idade de 59,0 anos, 51,6% homens, submetidos às manobras de ressuscitação cardiopulmonar. Os episódios ocorreram no período diurno em 64,6% dos casos. A assistolia/bradiarritmia foi o ritmo inicial mais frequente (42,7%). A maior parte dos que apresentaram retorno à circulação espontânea evoluiu com parada cardiorrespiratória recorrente, principalmente nas primeiras 24 horas (61,4%). As médias dos tempos foram de 10,3 dias entre a internação e ocorrência de parada cardiorrespiratória; 0,68 minutos entre a parada cardiorrespiratória e ressuscitação cardiopulmonar; 7,1 minutos entre a parada cardiorrespiratória e a desfibrilação; 16,3 minutos de duração da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar. Houve associação entre sexo e duração da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar (19,2 minutos nas mulheres versus 13,5 minutos nos homens; p = 0,02), duração da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar e retorno à circulação espontânea (10,8 minutos versus 30,7 minutos; p < 0,001), entre cardiopatia e a idade (60,6 anos versus 53,6; p < 0,001). A sobrevida imediata após a parada cardiorrespiratória foi de 71% e, até a alta hospitalar e no sexto mês após a alta, de 9% e de 6%, respectivamente. Conclusão: O principal ritmo inicial detectado foi a assistolia/bradiarritmia com curto intervalo entre a parada cardiorrespiratória e a reanimação, porém com desfibrilação tardia. Mulheres apresentaram maior tempo de reanimação. Houve baixa taxa de sobrevida hospitalar.


ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical profile of patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest using the Utstein style. Methods: This study is an observational, prospective, longitudinal study of patients with cardiac arrest treated in intensive care units over a period of 1 year. Results: The study included 89 patients who underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation maneuvers. The cohort was 51.6% male with a mean age 59.0 years. The episodes occurred during the daytime in 64.6% of cases. Asystole/bradyarrhythmia was the most frequent initial rhythm (42.7%). Most patients who exhibited a spontaneous return of circulation experienced recurrent cardiac arrest, especially within the first 24 hours (61.4%). The mean time elapsed between hospital admission and the occurrence of cardiac arrest was 10.3 days, the mean time between cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was 0.68 min, the mean time between cardiac arrest and defibrillation was 7.1 min, and the mean duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation was 16.3 min. Associations between gender and the duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (19.2 min in women versus 13.5 min in men, p = 0.02), the duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the return of spontaneous circulation (10.8 min versus 30.7 min, p < 0.001) and heart disease and age (60.6 years versus 53.6, p < 0.001) were identified. The immediate survival rates after cardiac arrest, until hospital discharge and 6 months after discharge were 71%, 9% and 6%, respectively. Conclusions: The main initial rhythm detected was asystole/bradyarrhythmia; the interval between cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was short, but defibrillation was delayed. Women received cardiopulmonary resuscitation for longer periods than men. The in-hospital survival rate was low.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Hospital Mortality , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/methods , Heart Arrest/therapy , Time Factors , Bradycardia/epidemiology , Sex Factors , Survival Rate , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Treatment Outcome , Heart Arrest/physiopathology , Heart Arrest/mortality , Middle Aged
11.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 24: e2829, 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-960940

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to compare the rate of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and death after cardiac arrest, with and without the use of a metronome during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Method: case-control study nested in a cohort study including 285 adults who experienced cardiac arrest and received CPR in an emergency service. Data were collected using In-hospital Utstein Style. The control group (n=60) was selected by matching patients considering their neurological condition before cardiac arrest, the immediate cause, initial arrest rhythm, whether epinephrine was used, and the duration of CPR. The case group (n=51) received conventional CPR guided by a metronome set at 110 beats/min. Chi-square and likelihood ratio were used to compare ROSC rates considering p≤0.05. Results: ROSC occurred in 57.7% of the cases, though 92.8% of these patients died in the following 24 hours. No statistically significant difference was found between groups in regard to ROSC (p=0.2017) or the occurrence of death (p=0.8112). Conclusion: the outcomes of patients after cardiac arrest with and without the use of a metronome during CPR were similar and no differences were found between groups in regard to survival rates and ROSC.


RESUMO Objetivo: comparar a taxa de retorno da circulação espontânea e óbito após parada cardiorrespiratória, com e sem a utilização do metrônomo durante ressuscitação cardiopulmonar. Métodos: estudo caso-controle aninhado a estudo de coorte, com 285 adultos atendidos em parada cardíaca em um serviço de emergência e submetidos à ressuscitação cardiopulmonar. Os dados foram coletados por meio do In-hospital Utstein Style. O grupo controle (n=60) foi selecionado pelo pareamento dos pacientes considerando-se o estado neurológico pré-parada cardiorrespiratória, causa imediata e ritmo inicial da parada, utilização de epinefrina e duração da ressuscitação. O grupo caso (n=51) foi submetido à ressuscitação cardiopulmonar convencional com a utilização do metrônomo a 110sons/min. Para comparar as taxas de retorno à circulação espontânea utilizou-se o teste Qui-quadrado e a Razão de Verossimilhança, considerando p≤0,05. Resultados: houve retorno da circulação espontânea em 57,7%, sendo que 92,8% destes pacientes evoluíram para óbito nas 24 horas seguintes. Não houve diferença significativa no retorno à circulação espontânea (p=0,2017) e na ocorrência de óbito (p=0,8112) entre os grupos. Conclusão: os desfechos dos pacientes pós-PCR com e sem a utilização do metrônomo durante a RCP foram semelhantes, não havendo diferença nas taxas de sobrevivência e RCE entre os grupos.


RESUMEN Objetivo: comparar la tasa de retorno de la circulación espontánea y de muerte después de parada cardiorrespiratoria, con y sin la utilización de metrónomo durante la resucitación cardiopulmonar. Métodos: estudio caso-control contenido en estudio de cohorte, con 285 adultos atendidos por parada cardíaca en un servicio de emergencia y sometidos a resucitación cardiopulmonar. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio del In-hospital Utstein Style. El grupo control (n=60) fue seleccionado por emparejamiento de los pacientes considerándose: estado neurológico preparada cardiorrespiratoria; causa inmediata y ritmo inicial de la parada; utilización de epinefrina; y, duración de la resucitación. El grupo caso (n=51) fue sometido a resucitación cardiopulmonar convencional con la utilización de metrónomo con 110pulsaciones/min. Para comparar las tasas de retorno de la circulación espontánea se utilizó el test Chi-cuadrado y la Razón de Verosimilitud, considerando p≤0,05. Resultados: hubo retorno de la circulación espontánea en 57,7%, siendo que 92,8% de estos pacientes evolucionaron para la muerte en las 24 horas siguientes. No hubo diferencia significativa en el retorno de la circulación espontánea (p=0,2017) y en la ocurrencia de muerte (p=0,8112) entre los grupos. Conclusión: los resultados de los pacientes post PCR con y sin la utilización del metrónomo durante la RCP fueron semejantes, no habiéndose encontrado diferencia en las tasas de supervivencia y RCE entre los grupos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/methods , Heart Arrest/therapy , Case-Control Studies , Cohort Studies , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/instrumentation , Recovery of Function , Emergency Service, Hospital , Heart Arrest/mortality , Hospitals, University
12.
São Paulo med. j ; 133(6): 495-501, Nov.-Dec. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-770157

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Cardiac arrest is a common occurrence, and even with efficient emergency treatment, it is associated with a poor prognosis. Identification of predictors of survival after cardiopulmonary resuscitation may provide important information for the healthcare team and family. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with the survival of patients treated for cardiac arrest, after a one-year follow-up period. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective cohort study conducted in the emergency department of a Brazilian university hospital. METHODS: The inclusion criterion was that the patients presented cardiac arrest that was treated in the emergency department (n = 285). Data were collected using the In-hospital Utstein Style template. Cox regression was used to determine which variables were associated with the survival rate (with 95% significance level). RESULTS: After one year, the survival rate was low. Among the patients treated, 39.6% experienced a return of spontaneous circulation; 18.6% survived for 24 hours and of these, 5.6% were discharged and 4.5% were alive after one year of follow-up. Patients with pulseless electrical activity were half as likely to survive as patients with ventricular fibrillation. For patients with asystole, the survival rate was 3.5 times lower than that of patients with pulseless electrical activity. CONCLUSIONS: The initial cardiac rhythm was the best predictor of patient survival. Compared with ventricular fibrillation, pulseless electrical activity was associated with shorter survival times. In turn, compared with pulseless electrical activity, asystole was associated with an even lower survival rate.


CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: A parada cardiorrespiratória é comum e, mesmo com tratamentos de emergência eficientes, associa-se a prognósticos ruins. A identificação de fatores preditores de sobrevivência após ressuscitação cardiopulmonar pode fornecer informações importantes para equipe de saúde e familiares. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar fatores associados à sobrevivência, após um ano de seguimento, de pacientes atendidos em parada cardiorrespiratória. DESENHO E LOCAL: Estudo de coorte prospectivo realizado no serviço de emergência de um hospital universitário. MÉTODOS: O critério de inclusão foi o atendimento de paciente em parada cardiorrespiratória no serviço de emergência (n = 285). Os dados foram coletados por meio do modelo In-hospital Utstein Style. Para verificar quais variáveis associaram-se à sobrevida, utilizou-se regressão de Cox (nível de significância 95%). RESULTADOS: Após um ano, a sobrevida foi baixa. Dos pacientes atendidos, 39,6% tiveram retorno da circulação espontânea, 18,6% sobreviveram até as primeiras 24 horas, sendo que, destes, 5,6% obtiveram alta hospitalar e 4,5% permaneceram vivos após um ano de seguimento. Pacientes com atividade elétrica sem pulso apresentaram duas vezes menos chances de sobreviver que aqueles com fibrilação ventricular. Nos pacientes com assistolia, as taxas de sobrevida foram 3,5 menores quando comparados aos com atividade elétrica sem pulso. CONCLUSÕES: O ritmo cardíaco inicial foi o fator preditor que melhor explicou a sobrevida. O ritmo de atividade elétrica sem pulso associou-se a menor sobrevida quando comparado a fibrilação ventricular, enquanto o ritmo de assistolia relacionou-se a ainda menor sobrevivência em relação à atividade elétrica sem pulso.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Heart Arrest/mortality , Brazil/epidemiology , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/mortality , Epidemiologic Methods , Heart Arrest/physiopathology , Heart Arrest/therapy , Risk Factors , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
13.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 27(4): 322-332, out.-dez. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-770032

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: A determinação do prognóstico de pacientes em coma após parada cardíaca tem implicações clínicas, éticas e sociais. Exame neurológico, marcadores de imagem e bioquímicos são ferramentas úteis e bem aceitas na previsão da recuperação. Com o advento da hipotermia terapêutica, tais informações devem de ser confirmadas. Neste estudo procurou-se determinar a validade de diferentes marcadores que podem ser utilizados na detecção de pacientes com mau prognóstico durante um protocolo de hipotermia. Métodos: Foram coletados prospectivamente os dados de pacientes adultos, internados após parada cardíaca em nossa unidade de terapia intensiva para realização de protocolo de hipotermia. Nosso intuito foi realizar um estudo descritivo e analítico para analisar a relação entre os dados clínicos, parâmetros neurofisiológicos, de imagem e bioquímicos, e o desfecho após 6 meses, conforme definido pela escala Cerebral Performance Categories (bom, se 1-2, e mau, se 3-5). Foi coletada uma amostra para determinação de neuroenolase após 72 horas. Os exames de imagem e neurofisiológicos foram realizados 24 horas após o período de reaquecimento. Resultados: Foram incluídos 67 pacientes, dos quais 12 tiveram evolução neurológica favorável. Fibrilação ventricular e atividade teta no eletroencefalograma se associaram a bom prognóstico. Pacientes submetidos a resfriamento mais rápido (tempo médio de 163 versus 312 minutos), com lesão cerebral causada por hipóxia/isquemia detectada na ressonância nuclear magnética ou níveis de neuroenolase superiores a 58ng/mL se associaram a desfecho neurológico desfavorável (p < 0,05). Conclusão: A presença de lesão cerebral causada por hipóxia/isquemia e de neuroenolase foram fortes preditores de má evolução neurológica. Apesar da crença de que atingir rapidamente a temperatura alvo da hipotermia melhora o prognóstico neurológico, nosso estudo demonstrou que este fator se associou a um aumento da mortalidade e a uma pior evolução neurológica.


ABSTRACT Objective: The determination of coma patient prognosis after cardiac arrest has clinical, ethical and social implications. Neurological examination, imaging and biochemical markers are helpful tools accepted as reliable in predicting recovery. With the advent of therapeutic hypothermia, these data need to be reconfirmed. In this study, we attempted to determine the validity of different markers, which can be used in the detection of patients with poor prognosis under hypothermia. Methods: Data from adult patients admitted to our intensive care unit for a hypothermia protocol after cardiac arrest were recorded prospectively to generate a descriptive and analytical study analyzing the relationship between clinical, neurophysiological, imaging and biochemical parameters with 6-month outcomes defined according to the Cerebral Performance Categories scale (good 1-2, poor 3-5). Neuron-specific enolase was collected at 72 hours. Imaging and neurophysiologic exams were carried out in the 24 hours after the rewarming period. Results: Sixty-seven patients were included in the study, of which 12 had good neurological outcomes. Ventricular fibrillation and electroencephalographic theta activity were associated with increased likelihood of survival and improved neurological outcomes. Patients who had more rapid cooling (mean time of 163 versus 312 minutes), hypoxic-ischemic brain injury on magnetic resonance imaging or neuron-specific enolase > 58ng/mL had poor neurological outcomes (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury on magnetic resonance imaging and neuron-specific enolase were strong predictors of poor neurological outcomes. Although there is the belief that early achievement of target temperature improves neurological prognoses, in our study, there were increased mortality and worse neurological outcomes with earlier target-temperature achievement.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Coma/etiology , Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain/etiology , Heart Arrest/therapy , Hypothermia, Induced/methods , Phosphopyruvate Hydratase/metabolism , Prognosis , Time Factors , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Prospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment Outcome , Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain/mortality , Heart Arrest/complications , Heart Arrest/mortality , Intensive Care Units , Middle Aged
14.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; 49(5): 762-766, Oct. 2015. graf
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-763311

ABSTRACT

AbstractOBJECTIVEIdentifying factors associated to survival after cardiac arrest.METHODAn experience report of a cohort study conducted in a university hospital, with a consecutive sample comprised of 285 patients. Data were collected for a year by trained nurses. The training strategy was conducted through an expository dialogue lecture. Collection monitoring was carried out by nurses via telephone calls, visits to the emergency room and by medical record searches. The neurological status of survivors was evaluated at discharge, after six months and one year.RESULTSOf the 285 patients, 16 survived until hospital discharge, and 13 remained alive after one year, making possible to identify factors associated with survival. There were no losses in the process.CONCLUSIONCohort studies help identify risks and disease outcomes. Considering cardiac arrest, they can subsidize public policies, encourage future studies and training programs for CPR, thereby improving the prognosis of patients.


ResumenOBJETIVOIdentificar los factores asociados con la supervivencia luego de paro cardiorrespiratorio.MÉTODORelato de experiencia acerca de la realización de estudio de cohorte en un hospital universitario, cuya muestra consecutiva estuvo compuesta de 285 pacientes. Los datos los recogieron durante un año las enfermeras entrenadas. La estrategia de entrenamiento fue la clase expositiva dialogada. El monitoreo de la recolección lo realizaron los enfermeros mediante llamadas por teléfono, visitas al servicio de urgencias y búsqueda en las fichas. El estado neurológico de los supervivientes fue valorado en el alta, después de seis meses y un año.RESULTADOSDe los 285 pacientes, 16 sobrevivieron al alta y 13 permanecieron vivos después de un año, siendo posible identificar factores asociados con la supervivencia. No hubo pérdidas en el seguimiento.CONCLUSIÓNEstudios de cohorte ayudaron la identificación de los riesgos y resultados de enfermedades. En lo que se refiere al paro cardiorrespiratorio pueden subsidiar políticas públicas, incentivar investigaciones futuras y programas de entrenamiento en resucitación cardiopulmonar, mejorando el pronóstico de los pacientes.


ResumoOBJETIVOIdentificar fatores associados à sobrevida após parada cardiorrespiratória.MÉTODORelato de experiência sobre a realização de estudo de coorte em um hospital universitário, cuja amostra consecutiva foi composta por 285 pacientes. Os dados foram coletados durante um ano por enfermeiras treinadas. A estratégia de treinamento foi a aula expositiva dialogada. O monitoramento da coleta foi realizado pelos enfermeiros por ligações telefônicas, visitas ao pronto-socorro e busca nos prontuários. O estado neurológico dos sobreviventes foi avaliado na alta, após seis meses e um ano.RESULTADOSDos 285 pacientes, 16 sobreviveram à alta e 13 permaneceram vivos após um ano, sendo possível identificar fatores associados à sobrevivência. Não houve perdas no seguimento.CONCLUSÃOEstudos de coorte auxiliam na identificação dos riscos e desfechos de doenças. Na parada cardiorrespiratória podem subsidiar políticas públicas, incentivar pesquisas futuras e programas de treinamento em ressuscitação cardiopulmonar, melhorando o prognóstico dos pacientes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Heart Arrest/mortality , Nursing , Cohort Studies , Survival Rate
15.
Rev. eletrônica enferm ; 17(3): 1-8, 201507331. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-832578

ABSTRACT

Muitas são as vidas perdidas por Parada Cardiorrespiratória (PCR) em ambiente intra-hospitalar, porém existem poucos estudos a respeito. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre a sobrevivência a PCR intra-hospitalar. Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada a partir da questão norteadora: quais são as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura relacionadas à sobrevivência a PCR intra-hospitalar? A partir dos descritores "Parada Cardíaca", "Ressuscitação cardiopulmonar" e "Sobrevivência". Os estudos selecionados foram sistematizados nas categorias: análise das taxas de sobrevivência; fatores relacionados com a sobrevivência e taxas de sobrevivência. Diante dos resultados observou-se poucas publicações sobre o tema, taxas variáveis de sobrevivência, estudos com delineamentos divergentes e ausência de estudos nacionais, destacando-se o uso de registros Utstein Style nas pesquisas. Pode-se concluir que a divulgação de diretrizes tem contribuído com melhoria da sobrevivência mundialmente, no cenário brasileiro ainda é preciso ampliar os registros sobre sua prática e resultados.


Many lives are lost by Cardiorrespiratory Arrest (CA) in-hospital, but there are few studies about it. The objective of this study was to identify the available evidence in the literature about in-hospital CA survival. An integrative review of the literature conducted from the guiding question: what is the scientific evidence available in the literature related to survival of in-hospital CA? From the descriptors "Cardiac Arrest", "Cardiopulmonary ressuscitation" and "Survival". Selected studies were systematized in the categories: survival rate analysis; factors related to survival and survival rates. As a result, we observed few publications about the theme, varying survival rates, studies with divergent designs and absence of national studies, highlighting the use of Utstein Style registries in the studies. We concluded that guidelines advertisement have been contributing to global survival improvements, and in the Brazilian setting, there is a need to broaden registries about their practices and results.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/mortality , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/nursing , Heart Arrest/mortality , Heart Arrest/nursing , Survival Rate
16.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 13(2): 183-188, Apr-Jun/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-751421

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe neurological status and associated factors of survivors after cardiac arrest, upon discharge, and at 6 and 12 month follow-up. Methods: A cohort, prospective, descriptive study conducted in an emergency room. Patients who suffered cardiac arrest and survived were included. A one-year consecutive sample, comprising 285 patients and survivors (n=16) followed up for one year after discharge. Neurological status was assessed by the Cerebral Performance Category before the cardiac arrest, upon discharge, and at 6 and 12 months after discharge. The following factors were investigated: comorbidities, presence of consciousness upon admission, previous cardiac arrest, witnessed cardiac arrest, location, cause and initial rhythm of cardiac arrest, number of cardiac arrests, interval between collapse and start of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and between collapse and end of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Results: Of the patients treated, 4.5% (n=13) survived after 6 and 12 months follow-up. Upon discharge, 50% of patients remained with previous Cerebral Performance Category of the cardiac arrest and 50% had worsening of Cerebral Performance Category. After 6 months, 53.8% remained in the same Cerebral Performance Category and 46.2% improved as compared to discharge. After 12 months, all patients remained in the same Cerebral Performance Category of the previous 6 months. There was no statistically significant association between neurological outcome during follow-up and the variables assessed. Conclusion: There was neurological worsening at discharge but improvement or stabilization in the course of a year. There was no association between Cerebral Performance Category and the variables assessed. .


RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar a condição neurológica e os fatores associados de sobreviventes pós-parada cardiorrespiratória na alta hospitalar, após 6 e 12 meses de seguimento. Métodos: Estudo de coorte, prospectivo e descritivo, realizado em um pronto-socorro. Foram incluídos pacientes em parada cardiorrespiratória que sobreviveram à alta. A amostra foi consecutiva por um ano, sendo composta por 285 pacientes, e os sobreviventes (n=16) foram acompanhados por um ano após alta. O estado neurológico foi avaliado pela Categoria de Performance Cerebral antes da parada, na alta, 6 e 12 meses após alta. Foram investigados os seguintes fatores: comorbidades, presença de consciência na admissão, parada cardiorrespiratória prévia, parada cardiorrespiratória testemunhada, local, causa e ritmo inicial da parada, número de paradas, intervalo entre colapso e início da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar, e entre colapso e término da ressuscitação, e duração da ressuscitação. Resultados: Dos pacientes atendidos, 4,5% (n=13) sobreviveram após 6 e 12 meses de seguimento. Na alta, 50% dos pacientes permaneceram com Categoria de Performance Cerebral prévia à parada, e 50% tiveram piora da mesma. Após 6 meses, 53,8% permaneceram com mesma Categoria de Performance Cerebral, e 46,2% tiveram melhora em relação à alta. Após 12 meses, a totalidade dos pacientes permaneceu com mesma Categoria de Performance Cerebral em relação aos 6 meses anteriores. Não houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre evolução neurológica durante o seguimento e variáveis de interesse. Conclusão: Observou-se piora neurológica na alta, mas houve melhora ou estabilização no decorrer de 1 ano. Não foi encontrada associação entre Categoria de Performance Cerebral e variáveis de interesse. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Brain Diseases/etiology , Heart Arrest/complications , Survivors , Brain Diseases/physiopathology , Cohort Studies , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/statistics & numerical data , Consciousness/classification , Emergency Service, Hospital , Follow-Up Studies , Glasgow Coma Scale/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, Teaching , Heart Arrest/mortality , Heart Arrest/therapy , Neurologic Examination , Patient Discharge , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
17.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 802-807, 2015.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-146116

ABSTRACT

This retrospective observational study investigated the clinical course and predisposing factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) developed after cardiac arrest and resuscitation. Eighty-two patients aged over 18 yr who survived more than 24 hr after cardiac arrest were divided into AKI and non-AKI groups according to the diagnostic criteria of the Kidney Disease/Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for AKI. Among 82 patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest, AKI was developed in 66 (80.5%) patients (AKI group) leaving 16 (19.5%) patients in the non-AKI group. Nineteen (28.8%) patients of the AKI group had stage 3 AKI and 7 (10.6%) patients received renal replacement therapy during admission. The duration of shock developed within 24 hr after resuscitation was shorter in the non-AKI group than in the AKI group (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.04, P < 0.05). On Multiple logistic regression analysis, the only predisposing factor of post-cardiac arrest AKI was the duration of shock. In conclusion, occurrence and severity of post-cardiac arrest AKI is associated with the duration of shock after resuscitation. Renal replacement therapy is required for patients with severe degree (stage 3) post-cardiac arrest AKI.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acute Kidney Injury/mortality , Heart Arrest/mortality , Incidence , Renal Replacement Therapy/mortality , Republic of Korea/epidemiology , Resuscitation/mortality , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Shock/mortality , Survival Rate , Treatment Outcome
18.
Clin. biomed. res ; 34(1): 5-10, 2014. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-834456

ABSTRACT

Cardiopulmonary arrest is a medical emergency with significant mortality. The success of resuscitation led to the emergence of post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS), which originates from ischemia-reperfusion injury and its consequent increase in serum lactate. Despite the robust evidence correlating hyperlactatemia as a prognostic marker in critically ill patients, there is insufficient evidence about the role of serum lactate in the outcome of PCAS. Thus, the purpose of this review is to check the current evidence on the role of lactate in predicting mortality in PCAS.


Subject(s)
Heart Arrest/mortality , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/adverse effects , Lactates/metabolism , Heart Arrest/epidemiology , Survival Rate , Reperfusion Injury/complications , Reperfusion Injury/etiology
19.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 1301-1307, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-79637

ABSTRACT

It has been proven that safety and efficiency of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients is transported to specialized hospitals that have the capability of performing therapeutic hypothermia (TH). However, the outcome of the patients who have been transferred after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) has not been well evaluated. We conducted a retrospective observational study between January 2010 to March 2012. There were primary outcomes as good neurofunctional status at 1 month and the secondary outcomes as the survivals at 1 month between Samsung Medical Center (SMC) group and transferred group. A total of 91 patients were enrolled this study. There was no statistical difference between good neurologic outcomes between both groups (38% transferred group vs. 40.6% SMC group, P=0.908). There was no statistical difference in 1 month survival between the 2 groups (66% transferred group vs. 75.6% SMC group, P=0.318). In the univariate and multivariate models, the ROSC to induction time and the induction time had no association with good neurologic outcomes. The good neurologic outcome and survival at 1 month had no significant differences between the 2 groups. This finding suggests the possibility of integrated post-cardiac arrest care for OHCA patients who are transferred from other hospitals after ROSC in the cardiac arrest center.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation , Electrocardiography , Heart Arrest/mortality , Hypothermia, Induced , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Logistic Models , Odds Ratio , Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest , Retrospective Studies , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
20.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 423-430, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-112002

ABSTRACT

The rapid response system (RRS) is an innovative system designed for in-hospital, at-risk patients but underutilization of the RRS generally results in unexpected cardiopulmonary arrests. We implemented an extended RRS (E-RRS) that was triggered by actively screening at-risk patients prior to calls from primary medical attendants. These patients were identified from laboratory data, emergency consults, and step-down units. A four-member rapid response team was assembled that included an ICU staff, and the team visited the patients more than twice per day for evaluation, triage, and treatment of the patients with evidence of acute physiological decline. The goal was to provide this treatment before the team received a call from the patient's primary physician. We sought to describe the effectiveness of the E-RRS at preventing sudden and unexpected arrests and in-hospital mortality. Over the 1-yr intervention period, 2,722 patients were screened by the E-RRS program from 28,661 admissions. There were a total of 1,996 E-RRS activations of simple consultations for invasive procedures. After E-RRS implementation, the mean hospital code rate decreased by 31.1% and the mean in-hospital mortality rate was reduced by 15.3%. In conclusion, the implementation of E-RRS is associated with a reduction in the in-hospital code and mortality rates.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Education, Professional , Heart Arrest/mortality , Hospital Mortality , Hospital Rapid Response Team , Hospitals, University , Intensive Care Units
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